Uncategorized - Ideh Gostar Moheb Baspar

04 Jan

Selecting polymer to produce polymer products

December 21, 2021
By mr.gharaei
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By choosing the right polymer to produce polymer products, good progress can be made. If the right polymer is not selected, the polymer products will not be substandard. The more suitable polymer you choose, the better polymer products with better quality properties and properties are produced.

If polymer products are used outdoors, the polymer must be suitable for UV protection. To produce polymer products, it is necessary to be aware of the specifications and properties of plastic raw materials to produce suitable polymer products.

Different properties of plastic materials

Some plastics are sticky and others are highly tensile. Paying attention to the temperature characteristics of plastic materials also plays an important role in the production of polymer products. Unlike metals and ceramics, these materials have strain and pressure properties. Plastics are flexible compared to many other materials.

Any incorrect choice of polymer can lead to the production of hazardous plastics. Understanding all the properties and characteristics of suitable polymeric materials will lead to the production of quality plastic products.

Choosing the right polymer will result in the production of high-quality polymer products. The better the quality of the polymer, the more quality polymer products can be produced.

Production cost is another factor in production, but sometimes you do not need to use expensive polymers. Inexpensive polymers often cannot solve the problem.

Properties of plastic materials

Silicon

Silicon is the most common material used in the production of polymer products. Silicon is used in many polymer products.

The most important properties of silicone

Resistance to very high and low temperatures between – 65 to 260 degrees Celsius
Resistance to ultraviolet rays
Resistance to ozone
Resistance to mechanical wear
Resistance to abrasion and compression

The cost of producing silicon is very high, but it has excellent features that many manufacturers can use to produce high-quality polymer products.

Styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR)

The cost of preparing this material is less than silicon, and many manufacturers can produce excellent products by providing this suitable polymer.

The most important properties of styrene-butadiene rubber

Resistance to very high and low temperatures between -65 to 180 degrees Celsius
Abrasion resistance
Adhesion to hard and solid metals
Impact resistance

It costs very little to prepare and is much less resistant to chemicals, and you can get it at the lowest cost.

Fluoro-silicon

This material is very expensive and very resistant to other chemicals. Fuel chemicals such as gasoline and oil do not affect them. This material is used in aerospace applications and industrial lubricants.

The most important properties of fluoro-silicon

Resistance to very high and low temperatures between -29 to 176 degrees Celsius
Resistance to industrial oils and solvents
Resistance to a variety of liquid fuels, gasoline, and oil
Resistance to air, ozone, sunlight
Aromatic
Chlorine

Choosing the right polymer

Selecting the right polymer for the production of plastic products

A suitable polymer is required to have all the mechanical and chemical, electrical, thermal properties to be able to produce durable plastic products that include many applications. It is better to be able to produce plastic materials and products by recycling its waste materials.

High Impact polystyrene

High Impact polystyrene is used in the manufacture of computer, telephone, and television enclosures. Of course, this material is also used in making refrigerators. Production of various toys Other uses of this material.

Buy Phthalic Anhydride (PA)

Phthalic anhydride (PA) is one of the most suitable polymeric materials for the production of polymer products, which can also be used to produce plastic resins. This material can be used in the production of dyes, pharmaceuticals, and the textile industry. You can buy this material from Moheb Baspar Company.

Buy Dioctyl Phthalate (DOP)

Dioctyl phthalate (DOP) is very resistant to light, air, water and is used in the production of wires and cables. It is the best electrical insulation and Moheb Baspar Company produces this material and offers it at a reasonable price.

General Purpose Polystyrene (GPPS)

General Purpose Polystyrene (GPPS) is a transparent polystyrene-based chemical that can be produced by injection and extrusion. It is very resistant to heat and freezing. You can buy this material at a reasonable price from Moheb Baspar Company.

Conclusion

Choosing the right polymer to produce polymer products is very important in the chemical industry. Products such as resin, silicone, styrene-butadiene rubber, fluoro silicone are among the best polymeric materials suitable for the production of plastic products.

Each of these polymeric materials is resistant to very high and low temperatures, abrasion, industrial oils and solvents, and liquid fuels. In addition, they are resistant to air oxidation, UV, each of which is a great advantage.

03 Jan

Uncategorized

All about Polystyrene structure!

December 21, 2021
By mr.gharaei
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Polystyrene structure is chemically known as a type of long-chain hydrocarbon. In this material, variable carbon centers are attached to phenyl groups. The chemical structure of polystyrene is n(C₈H₈). This material has the components of hydrogen and carbon chemical elements.

One of the properties of Polystyrene structure is determined by the short-term absorption of van der Waals between polymer chains. Because hydrocarbon molecules are long and in a chain consisting of thousands of atoms, the tensile force between the molecules is very high.

When polystyrene is exposed to heat, the chains are more compatible and slip together. Because there is a kind of looseness between the molecules, it causes flexibility and elasticity in polystyrene.

At high temperatures, the system can deform from the heat of its glass conversion, giving polystyrene the ability to easily soften and heat into various shapes when viewed.

Polystyrene structure

Introduction to Polystyrene structure for the first time

The structure of polystyrene was first discovered in 1839 by Edward Simon. Interestingly, Simon did not know what valuable substance he had discovered. The commercial use of polystyrene monomer and polymerization was in 1934.

This year, Dow succeeded in synthesizing styrene from petroleum products and then commercializing it based on the use of a polymerization process. This product was used in World War II, and based on the experience gained while using it, polystyrene was recognized as a powerful electrical insulator. In addition, this material was recognized as a cheap, thermoplastic plastic with suitable properties.

Over time, theories about the polymer were developed and finally expanded in 1950 based on a two-stage operation to produce polystyrene. Due to this function, in the first stage, which includes the preparation of granules that contain a uniform volume distribution agent, the styrene monomer suspension is polymerized.

In the next step, this material is placed in molds to perform the necessary processes on it. Or considering that the production of this product in any size is easily done, this caused the production of polystyrene to increase with this method.

General Purpose Polystyrene structure

General Purpose Polystyrene, often abbreviated as GPPS, is used for general use. The structure of General Purpose Polystyrene is such that in addition to high strength, they also have dielectric properties.

High-temperature resistance and high impact strength make them suitable as a fluid. The brand name of this type of polystyrene is crystal.

High impact polystyrene structure

This model of polystyrene is known as high-impact polystyrene. This type of polystyrene is very resistant to pressure and shocks. In the commercial market, HIPS is commonly known as “HIMPEC”.

Expanded polystyrene structure

This type of polystyrene is commonly known as “ionolite”. Ionolite is a type of material that is presented in white color and its most important feature is the addition of a foaming agent to the structure of polystyrene.

Expanded polystyrene structure

What are the uses of polystyrene?

This material is used to produce roof plastofoams. It is used as thermal and sound insulation in various places and buildings.
It can be used as cryogenic insulation for industrial refrigerators
This material is used to produce various products such as thermoses and refrigerators
It is also used as a suitable material for packaging foam
New roof blocks made of compressed or expanded polystyrene are now used as a suitable alternative to traditional clay and cement blocks.
The structure of roof plastofoams is very suitable. They allow high speed and ease of execution.
These types of blocks have a very high resistance to earthquakes and do not break.
With these modern materials, the use of traditional hardware and materials such as plaster and cement is greatly saved and costs are reduced. By using these plastofoams, we will reduce the dead load by 15 tons per 100 square meters.

02 Jan

Uncategorized

What is the chemical structure of phthalic anhydride (PA)?

February 7, 2022
By mr.gharaei
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What do you know about the chemical structure of phthalic anhydride (PA)? This material is known as a white organic compound that has a pungent odor. Phthalic anhydride can be dissolved in other organic solvents, water, alcohols. This material is used in the manufacture of plasticizers, phthaleins, resins, most emollients, and insecticides.

Today we see that the chemical structure of phthalic anhydride is made by naphthalene or catalytic oxidation of O-xylene. Another way to get phthalic anhydride is through phthalic acid. This material is an intermediate element in organic chemistry. Phthalic anhydride is readily available due to its dual function:

The first application of phthalic anhydride, or PA, is a chemical mediator for the production of polyvinyl chloride emollients.

Application of phthalic anhydride

Introduction to the chemical structure of phthalic anhydride (PA)

Phthalic anhydride, or PA, is a white, coarse-grained powder. It has a crystalline state and has the following chemical properties:

Molecular weight: 148.12
Molecular formula: C8H4o3
Boiling point: 284.5
Melting point: 131.1
Spontaneous flashpoint: 584
Solid density: 1.527 g/m³
Enclosed are flash point 165, free ignition 151
This material is soluble in most organic solvents, benzene, ether, and alcohol.

Applications of phthalic anhydride in various industries

The chemical structure of phthalic anhydride (PA) is primarily an intermediate chemical material. This material is used as a monomer in the construction of polymer structures. It is also widely used in the manufacture of UPR or unsaturated polyester resins.

This product is used in reinforced plastics for many applications such as the construction industry, electronics, car parts, manufacturing of bath equipment and yachts. Another significant application of this material is its use in the manufacture of alkyd resins.

These resins are also used in their place to make final products such as coatings, varnishes, and paints. Phthalic anhydride is used as a raw material for the manufacture of PVC phthalates, plasticizers, or softeners for normal use, and as a base material for the production of most chemicals, including saccharins and polyester polyethylenes. Another application of this material is its use in fire repellents, special paints, and pigments.

How to produce the chemical structure of phthalic anhydride (PA)

There are two methods for producing the chemical structure of phthalic anhydride (PA):

Laboratory production:

This method is performed for small scales using oxidizing devices by oxidation of naphthalene or 1,2-dimethylbenzene. Another way to obtain phthalic anhydride is to heat the phthalic anhydride; After decomposing into phthalic anhydride and water, it is sublimated at 300 ° C and then collected.

Industrial method:

This method has been used in the past to use air oxygen and the oxidation of naphthalene in the presence of a suitable catalyst such as vanadium pentoxide. But today, this material is produced in another way, which is done by using ortho-xylene oxidation with the use of a suitable catalyst and in the presence of oxygen in the air.

Regarding the production process of phthalic anhydride, first, in a concentrated sulfuric acid solution, naphthalene was oxidized in the presence of mercury sulfate. Over time, this pathway can be performed by using a vanadium oxide catalyst with the oxidation of the naphthalene catalytic vapor phase.

We now see that naphthalene raw materials are generally being replaced by orthoxylene. Currently, only 16% of raw materials are supplied by naphthalene.

Structure of phthalic anhydride

Risks of using phthalic anhydride

The dust produced by this substance is quite irritating and can cause allergies to the respiratory system. The vapor from these materials can cause eye problems. Another important point about this substance is its rapid reaction to water. If its vapor is exposed to hot water, it reacts quickly and produces phthalic acid, which is quickly eliminated. Due to this, this material should be kept away from them.

Phthalic anhydride is currently produced by the oxidation of ortho-xylene or naphthalene in the gas phase in the presence of air currents, titanium dioxide, and vanadium pentoxide. This reaction is exothermic and is produced as a by-product of maleic anhydride.

02 Jan

Uncategorized

Polystyrene mold important features + polystyrene plastic properties

December 21, 2021
By mr.gharaei
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Polystyrenes are molded to suit different applications. The most important uses of polystyrene are in compact discs, packaging, and home appliances. The properties of this material make it suitable for molding and it can be used with the same texture.

With simple polystyrene mold, styrene can be used for a variety of purposes. Smooth shrinkage allows it to be carefully inserted into molds and extruded. Polystyrene is a normal transparent or crystalline material that can transmit light up to 90%.

GPPS Mold

Features of High Impact Polystyrene

This material is sensitive to physical impact and is therefore suitable for impact. By adding rubber material, it will have impact-resistant properties and at the same time, its tensile strength and stiffness will be reduced. This substance is known as an anti-shock chemical (HIPS).

General Purpose (GPPS) polystyrene is less resistant than impact-resistant polystyrene and is used in everyday materials and commodities.

Properties of polystyrene

Although this material is suitable for blocking ultraviolet rays and staining, it is not recommended for outdoor use. Of course, limited use outdoors is better, but it is suitable for indoor use.

Polystyrene is acid-resistant to alkalis and chemicals but is vulnerable to organic chemicals. Crystalline polystyrene is resistant to temperatures of 68 to 93 degrees Celsius. The tensile strength of these materials is between 5,000 and 7,000 psi and in impact polystyrene, it will be 2.5 lbs/ft.

The flexural modulus of the crystal polystyrene is 450,000 psi, and this value is reduced to 25,000 psi in impact-resistant polystyrene. This module indicates the hardness of the material, and the higher the numbers, the stronger the material.

Secondary operation of polystyrene mold

These molds can be done in any way to get them out of the mold. Different tasks can be done according to the template.

Polymers can be found everywhere. Various materials such as textiles, electrical appliances, medicine, food, chemicals can be seen. The properties of polymers are repeated in polymer structures. Nylon bags and plastic bottle caps are made of polymeric materials. This material has a styrene monomer.

The structure of polymers is different from each other and when they are connected, they form a polymer chain.

Efficient polystyrene molds

Properties of polystyrene plastic

The mechanical and thermal properties of this material are very important. By heating, the shape of these materials can be changed. Once formed, the material is cooled and can be extruded. Thermoplastics can be produced in this way. Different materials can be produced by injection molding.

With these materials, different types of products can be produced, and in some cases, even some vehicle parts can be produced. Thermoplastics, thermostats, glass, and metals are produced by this method.

Thermoplastic injection molds melt at a certain temperature. In this way, plastic materials can be made under less pressure. On the other hand, plastic materials must be made in such a way that they are also resistant to cutting.

By melting raw materials and molding in different molds, different plastic materials can be made. Melted materials must have a good flow to be able to design different quality plastic materials. With these characteristics, plastic materials will have a uniform structure and texture.

The properties of plastic materials can be measured in different ways. Melting temperature and degradation is important in the quality of plastic materials. Some features can be identified by summing up other features. Adhesion is one of the most important properties that can be obtained by summing up other properties.

Temperature control plays an important role in molding polystyrene. Temperature sensors are installed in different parts of the product mold and control the temperature. Some manufacturers produce their products at the same temperature.

Determinant parameters change when working with plastic materials. For example, polystyrene parameters are different from High Impact styrene. In the production of each plastic material, production conditions and parameters change. Especially the melting temperature is different.

A Conclusion from the polystyrene mold article

Polystyrene is used to produce plastic materials. It is transparent or crystalline and can transmit light. Plastic materials are resistant to tension and hardness.

Production factors and especially melting temperature have a great impact on the properties and properties of plastic materials and production planning can be changed according to the different plastic materials that need to be prepared.

Controlling various factors such as temperature at each stage of production is important and it is necessary to pay attention to the molten material that is placed in the molds to finally produce a quality product.

01 Jan

Uncategorized

The important Uses of polystyrene in buildings

December 21, 2021
By mr.gharaei
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What are the uses of polystyrene in the building? This material is made of plastic and is in the category of chemicals and is available in white. Its most important feature is its insulation. Polystyrene is mostly used in the construction industry to insulate structures. This is considered one of the most popular materials for insulating buildings and can be used inside and outside the building.

Reasons for using polystyrene in buildings

Most uses of polystyrene are in buildings; Because these materials, in addition to being an excellent thermal insulator, have a lightweight and high durability. This material is used in the construction industry in the form of blocks and is also known as one of the cheap materials. Polystyrene panels are often made in different sizes, and the minimum thickness for them starts from one inch.

Polystyrene panels are used on the roofs of buildings because they are highly resistant to moisture. These materials are available in the form of ordinary, refractory, and compact blocks, and mixed. There are different types of polystyrene, which we will introduce in the following.

What are the types of polystyrene?

Following the use of polystyrene in the building, we intend to introduce different types to better understand their performance.

GPPS or General purpose polystyrene:

This type of polystyrene is usually used for normal purposes. GPPS polystyrene from polystyrene has extraordinary properties such as strength and high impact resistance. High impact resistance makes them act as good fluids during the impact process.

This model of polystyrene is usually used for electrical applications due to its compatibility with electrical capabilities and high durability. In Iranian markets, this type is known as crystal polystyrene.

Types of polystyrene

HIPS polystyrene:

HIPS polystyrene is made of polystyrene, which is not used in construction.

EPS Polystyrene:

Another example of the use of polystyrene in buildings is the use of its expansion type, known as EPS. This model of polystyrene is a white polymer that has refractory properties. This type of polystyrene is known in the world as ionolite.

The use of EPS polystyrene in buildings is usually related to the construction of canopies and sandwich panels, and more than other examples, it is considered by manufacturers of prefabricated panels.

Uses of polystyrene and their benefits

These products have high recyclability.
Fungi can’t grow and cause mold in them.
Stability is one of the characteristics of these materials.
You can use polystyrene as a high-quality sound and heat insulator.
Resistance to moisture and water, which is the most important factor in the growth of bacteria and their destruction.
The use of polystyrene reduces dead loads in the building to a great extent.
The reduction of waste and rubbish produced in buildings is great.
The use of polystyrene in the building reduces concrete consumption by 30%.

Uses of polystyrene and their disadvantages

Of course, every building material, in addition to its advantages, also has disadvantages, which are as follows in the case of polystyrene:

Exposure to sunlight can damage and discolor polystyrene.
Polystyrenes react with industrial solvents, which can damage them.
If the polystyrene is at a temperature of 120 to 125 degrees Celsius, it will melt.
Polystyrenes are highly flammable.
Polystyrenes produce toxic fumes and gases during very dangerous fires.
These materials continue to burn in places with low oxygen levels.

Learn more about polystyrene

These materials are made of a type of synthetic polymer that is formed by styrene monomer units. Styrene monomer is a chemical that, if we want to introduce it more accurately, is an oily substance. The uses of polystyrene are very diverse in different industries.

These insulators have a closed cellular structure and are supplied in the form of solid and hard foams, which are made of a material called styrene, which forms the cellular structure, and pentane, which is used in the form of foam and blower. These materials are composed of hydrocarbon compounds and are derived from natural gas and oil derivatives.

31 Dec

Uncategorized

What do you know about important phthalic anhydride applications?

February 7, 2022
By mr.gharaei
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Phthalic anhydride applications What activities are performed? Phthalic anhydride is currently made using naphthalene or orthoxylene catalyst. This substance is in the category of acids and according to chemical experts, this substance is a kind of carboxylic aromatic. This substance in our country is often known as “phthalic anhydride”.

This material is available in two forms, in some cases in the form of a clear and colorless liquid, and sometimes it is seen as a white layered powder that has a nasty odor that can be detected in this way. It is known as a colorless solid toxic substance that is soluble in disulfide and alcohol.

This material was first produced in Germany by the oxidation method of naphthalene, which was in the liquid phase with a mercury catalyst and was not of good quality.

Applications of phthalic anhydride

What is the most important part of phthalic anhydride applications?

Plasticizers:

An example of a phthalic anhydride application is its use in the synthesis of plasticizers. These materials are available organically, non-volatile, and usually in liquid form. When combined with elastomers or plastics, they enhance the expansion and flexibility of polymers.

Plasticizers are commonly used as one of the most widely used materials as additives in the plastics industry. One of the reasons for the popularity of this material is its cheapness. Plasticizers are commonly used in the manufacture of PVCs. Due to this feature, it is used to produce a large number of products.

Alkyd resins:

Other phthalic anhydride applications include the synthesis of alkyd resins, which are one of the cheapest and most common synthetic resins. Features alkyd paints high resistance to rain and sunlight. Acidic environments are weak.

These paints are not very sensitive to surface cleanliness when used and easily stick to different surfaces. Another feature of alkyd resins is their excellent resistance to corrosive environments. Spraying dilute acids and low sulfuric acid vapors have little effect on paint quality.

But in situations where the concentration of acids increases, these dyes will not have much resistance. Alkyd paints are not used at all in spaces that are close to organic and alkaline materials, oxidizing materials. This substance is usually obtained from the reactions of anhydrides or multifactorial acids, which are: maleic anhydride, isophthalic, phthalic anhydride with materials such as pentaerythritol or glycerol.

The most important applications of alkyd resins are its use in traffic and rubber paints, various industries, architectural and commercial applications, and architecture.

Alkyd resins

Unsaturated polyester resins:

Another case of phthalic anhydride applications is in unsaturated polyester resins. These resins are heat-resistant resins. Under suitable conditions, these types of resins can be converted from liquid to solid.

Polyester resins are known as the most widely used type of resins in the world. The main chain in these resins is in the form of ester junctions resulting from the reaction of an anhydrous or polyacetic compound with a polyalcoholic compound.

Another example of phthalic anhydride applications is its use in medicine. In this industry, phthalic anhydride is used in combination with cellulose acetate to deliver cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP) to the body. This substance is considered an auxiliary material to cover the intestines.

Another feature of this material is that it has antiviral activity. Phthalic anhydride is commonly used as a CAP degradant.

Other applications of phthalic anhydride include increasing the resistance of coatings and materials to flames. This material is used in the paint industry and the production of pigments and coatings.

Another application of phthalic anhydride is in the production of yellow quinoline dye. This dye is the result of the process of condensation of phthalic anhydride and methyl quinoline. This substance is very dangerous and with a very small contact can cause serious injuries and dangerous injuries, so when using this substance, extreme care must be taken to prevent any accident.

30 Dec

Uncategorized

Introducing important different types of polystyrene foam

December 21, 2021
By mr.gharaei
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Regarding the types of polystyrene foam, we must say that polystyrene foam is a type of white material that is produced from a chemical substance called monomer styrene. This foam was first discovered in 1839. Polystyrene foam is one of the petrochemical products and is composed of small crystals. There are four types of polystyrene foam, known as General Purpose, Expanded, Extruded, and High Impact foam.

In 1943, Dow extracted styrene from petroleum products and then polymerized it. types of polystyrene foam have many advantages such as recyclability and very high impact resistance. These types of foams are antibacterial and non-toxic.

Other features include lightweight and very high strength. Polystyrene foams have received a great deal of attention since the 1950s because of these advantages, which have led to their development. In addition to their advantages, these foams also have disadvantages, such as lack of resistance to cutting and fire. Join us to learn more about different types of polystyrene foams.

Introducing different types of polystyrene foam

Familiarity with different types of polystyrene foam

General Purpose Polystyrene Foam (GPPS):

One type of polystyrene foam, abbreviated GPPS, is used for general purposes. This type of polystyrene foam is a suitable option for electrical applications because of its dielectric properties and high strength. In the Iranian market, this product is known as Crystal.

High impact polystyrene foam (HIPS):

Another example of a type of polystyrene foam is known as high impact polystyrene. One of the most important features of this type of foam is its high impact resistance. In the commercial market of our country, this foam is known as HIGH IMPACT!

This type of foam is mostly used in the field of manufacturing sports equipment, toys, as cold insulation in the body of refrigerators, freezers, and making disposable tableware, home appliances.

Expanded polystyrene foam (EPS):

This type of foam is offered as another type of polystyrene foam in the form of a white polymer that is reinforced by the foaming agent. This material is usually known in Iran as “Ionolite”. The closed cellular structures in polystyrene foam blocks have made them significantly resistant to bacterial growth and water uptake. Therefore, the degree of corruption in them will be greatly reduced.

Blocks made of expanded polystyrene foam are enclosed by a fireproof coating that can withstand fires for up to 20 minutes in the event of a fire. Expanded polystyrene foams act as a stronger sound insulator and absorber than concrete.

These foams have attracted a lot of attention from mass manufacturers due to their simple transportation, simplicity, and speed of installation. Other features of ionolites are high resistance to pressure and impact. This type of polystyrene foam is usually used as roof foams, which can function as thermal and sound insulation.

Other applications include the use of disposable tableware, refrigerators, thermoses, etc. This type of foam is a great option for the packaging and insulation of industrial refrigerators and thermoses.

Ionolithic foam

Other features include lightweight and high earthquake resistance along with the high speed of execution, which reduces costs.

Extruded polystyrene foam (XPS):

Another type of extruded polystyrene foam is composed of solid polystyrene crystals. This type of foam is used in building insulation due to its high resistance to pressure and heat.

This type of foam has a compact texture and no cavities, which has caused a very low percentage of water absorption. This has made it extremely resistant to moisture penetration. This type of foam is usually used for floor insulation of different types of buildings.

Extruded polystyrene foam is a good option for insulating the roof and walls of residential buildings. Another application for extruded foam is for thermal insulation of sheds and poultry roofs.

29 Dec

Uncategorized

Introducing different types of polystyrene grades

December 20, 2021
By mr.gharaei
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What do you know about the types of polystyrene grades? Three different grades are made of polystyrene: General Purpose polystyrene, High Impact Polystyrene (HIPS), and expanded grade. Due to the high fragility of polystyrenes, these materials are polymerized with polybutadiene. This process causes To increase the strength of polystyrenes, this type of polystyrene is called Impact, improved with rubber, and the percentage of polystyrene in these products usually varies between 88% and 97%.

Introduction of polystyrene grades

The production process of polystyrene grades

There are various methods for producing different types of polystyrene grades. Emulsion, suspension, bulk, and solution methods can be used to produce these products. In solution methods, the monomers are dissolved in a solution such as ethylene benzene and then the polymerization process is performed.

In suspension methods, monomers in water are used as suspensions. Solution and bulk methods are known as homogeneous methods and emulsion and suspension are introduced as heterogeneous methods.

One of the most common methods currently used to produce polystyrene grades is the bulk method, which we will explain below.

Production of polystyrene grades by the bulk method

This operation can be formed in two common ways the form of batch or continuous. In the following, we will describe the batch process.

Polystyrene grades can be made by various batch processes. The batch operation generally has a high conversion efficiency and only a small amount of reacting styrene will leave the reactor and return to the reactor. To produce High Impact Polystyrene grade, polybutadiene rubber solvent must be added to the feed solvent, which dissolves in hot styrene.

Most grades, such as GPPS and expanded, each have their production method. For example, in expanded grades, a material is added to the polymer that increases its volume.

General Purpose polystyrene grade

As we said at the beginning, polystyrene is produced in 3 grades. GPPS or General Purpose polystyrene is known as a thermoplastic polymer. This material was first produced by the German company “Industries I.G.Farben”. This product was used as insulation in the electronics industry.

Currently, this type of polystyrene grade is considered one of the most popular plastics that is used in most industries. One of the reasons for using this type of polymer is its high ductility, transparency, and low price. The most common uses of the General Purpose grade are in disposable tableware, sports equipment, toys, electrical appliances, watch cases, radios, and televisions.

Expanded polystyrene grade:

One of the most widely used examples of grade polystyrene is the expanded type, which is made from a combination of dehydrogenated gasoline crown and polystyrene monomer. This type of polystyrene has a linear chain and belongs to the family of thermoplastics. Expanded polystyrene grades are often known by particle size, particle size. There are other grades in the category of expanded polystyrene, known as antistatic and slow-burning.

Expanded polystyrene grade has more than 50 years, which has a special place in the packaging industry. This material is used for packaging products that require precise packaging.

Extruded polystyrene grade:

Melted polystyrene beads are continuously injected into extruded molds under pressure. During the extrusion operation, expanding gas is injected into the molten polystyrenes. During this process, polystyrene foam becomes homogeneous and cellular. One of the most common gases used in the injection process is CO2 expansion gases.

Production of polystyrene grade by bulk method

Applications of various grades of polystyrene

Polystyrene is used in the packaging of foods such as meat and vegetables, PS films, and other packaging that requires transparency.

Injected grades used in melted form are widely used in the production of cosmetic containers, jewelry boxes, packaging for photographic and film equipment.

Other applications of polystyrene grades are used to make refrigerator door strips, vases, utensils, and smoke detectors. Today, the use of polystyrene grades is used in all industries due to their lightweight and reasonable price.

28 Dec

Uncategorized

What is High Impact Polystyrene Material? Important introduction

December 21, 2021
By mr.gharaei
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What is High Impact Polystyrene material? This material has a higher resistance than General Purpose polystyrene, which is made of a mixture of two materials, polystyrene and polybutadiene. To make High Impact Polystyrene (HIPS), the desired materials are placed on hot rollers and combined with internal mixers, which is also called extrusion.

Currently, the production of High Impact Polystyrene is formed by the dissolution of molecules in polybutadiene rubber in styrene monomer. Join us to learn about shockproof polystyrene ingredients.

HIPS Material

What are the properties of High Impact Polystyrene material?

High Impact Polystyrene, or HIPS for short, is a type of bonded polymer. As we mentioned at the beginning, this product is a combination of two materials, polybutadiene and polystyrene, which results in very durable plastic material.

Features of polybutadiene include high shock absorption and flexibility. Polystyrenes have advantages such as high strength and durability. These features make the produced polymer product have significant elasticity. However, GPPS or standard polystyrenes will not have this feature.

High Impact Polystyrene material makes this PS extremely strong, also greatly reduces its fragility, and at the same time can withstand a lot of impacts and withstand pressure and heavy shocks. This is the reason why this polystyrene is called resistant and shockproof. This type of polystyrene is known as one of the oldest examples of thermoplastic in the world. These materials are made using monometric polymerizations.

Uses of HIPS

What are the uses of High Impact Polystyrene materials?

The materials of this polystyrene are a kind of impact-resistant plastic that is used in the manufacture of home appliances and all kinds of utensils. This type of plastic is very light and has high flexibility and low price. Due to the unique advantages of this material, it is used in various industries. This material has a variety of colors and is easily broken and perforated.

High Impact Polystyrene materials can heat; For this reason, it is possible to produce different shapes with it. In the production process of this type of polystyrene, 10% of butadiene is added to it, which increases the strength and high impact resistance.

The reason for paying attention to High Impact Polystyrene is the possibility of high paintability, remarkable strength, excellent moldability, and very high adhesion.

This material is one of the best basic resins used to produce electrical agents, building compounds, and general merchandise. Resistant polystyrene is known as a type of non-crystalline resin, due to changes in the degree of crystallization about the cellular structure have caused a great change in the properties of resistant polystyrene.

Introduction of High Impact Polystyrene materials

As mentioned, polybutadiene is one of the main materials of High Impact Polystyrene, which is in the form of a light yellow solid rubber. This material is odorless and has a high melting point. This substance is stable under natural conditions but should not be exposed to oxidants.

What are the uses of High Impact Polystyrene?

This type of polystyrene is used as the first cold-resistant layer in refrigerators and freezers. Another application is in 3D printers.

This model is made of polystyrene normally with the addition of 5-10% butadiene or rubber copolymer. This makes this type of polystyrene more resistant and harder than GPPS. So HIPS is used as a suitable product with high hardness and is ideal for use in all types of packaging.

This type of polystyrene has the possibility of reprocessing temperature, dimensions, adhesion, printability and is considered as one of the 5 main resins in the construction and manufacturing of electronic devices.

Impact-resistant polystyrene material has a high resistance and has antibacterial properties on its surface.

Another feature of this product is its low cost, which has received a lot of attention. Use in various packages and sandwich panels is another use of High Impact Polystyrene.

27 Dec

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Everything you should know about the use of polystyrene foam

December 20, 2021
By mr.gharaei
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The most important use of polystyrene foam is in construction. This product is available in the form of refractory and flammable blocks in the world. The weight of these blocks is very light and therefore they greatly reduce the weight of the building.

Another use of polystyrene foam is that they are used as insulation in buildings. Polystyrene foam insulation blocks are usually enclosed by a fireproof coating, which makes these blocks fire-resistant for a long time.

The most important application of polystyrene foam is its use in buildings due to their low weight, which reduces the dead load of the building and the final weight of the building. This makes buildings more earthquake safe.

But about the fire resistance of polystyrene foam, we must say that the only problem with this material is that they lose their volume against fire in a short time. Polystyrene foam is a white material that allows it to be insulated against moisture and sound. Polystyrene was first used by the Germans to build bridges during World War II.

Use of polystyrene foam

Familiarity with the use of polystyrene foam

Polystyrene foam is considered one of the products of the petrochemical industry. Its appearance is seen as tiny crystals. This product expands in contact with steam and pressure. The closed cellular structure of polystyrene foams makes these foams highly water-resistant. Other features of this foam are resistance to bacterial growth and perishability.

The uses of polystyrene foam are varied. This product is popularly mistakenly known as rubber. This foam is a type of polymeric material commonly known as expanded polystyrene or EPS. The use of polystyrene foam can be seen in many cases such as insulation, advertising, and packaging.

What are the main uses of polystyrene foam?

Its use in insulating flat and sloping roofs
Use of polystyrene foams in decorative and prefabricated beds. This operation is performed without the need for rabbits and rebars.
A suitable alternative for fiberglass under pipe coverings and gable roofs
Use of polystyrene foam as a building facade cover
Application as double-wall insulation in walls
Application of these for the production of lightweight prefabricated parts and industrialization of buildings
These foams are used as the middle layer of wall and ceiling sandwich panels.
One of the best examples of insulation for use in refrigerators

Advantages of using polystyrene foam

The first advantage of using polystyrene foam is its lightness compared to other materials in prefabricated walls.
Ability to transport and move very fast.
This product insulates against moisture, heat, and noise.
High safety against shear forces caused by earthquakes.
Relatively high fire resistance.
This product is very resistant to the penetration of insects into the building and prevents them from penetrating.
The use of this foam in sandwich panels makes them less thick and allows access to more space.
The flexibility of the parts allows freedom of action in performing various designs.
Reduce costs and save on foundations and building structures.
Increase the useful life of buildings

Applications of polystyrene foam

HIPS

High Impact Polystyrene (HIPS) differs from General Purpose polystyrene foam in structure and manufacturing technology. But the raw materials used to make both are the same.

Compressed polystyrene foam is made using the latest technologies in the world and has been considered by construction experts and specialists for many reasons such as very low water absorption power, high strength, low price, and excellent insulation capability. The use of polystyrene foam is quite affordable.

What is the use of extruded polystyrene foam (XPS)

This product is also a type of polystyrene foam that is made of solid polystyrene crystals. This product has been proposed as an excellent insulation option due to its very high resistance to high pressure and heat, and they are used to insulate buildings. The non-porous and compacted texture in these foams makes the water absorption very low. Also has a high resistance to moisture penetration.