Uncategorized - Ideh Gostar Moheb Baspar

14 Jan

What are polystyrene materials made of?

December 21, 2021
By mr.gharaei
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What are polystyrene materials? Polystyrenes are made from a fragrant synthetic polymer sample made from styrene monomer. A styrene monomer is known as a chemical material. Polystyrene is a well-known material that is one of the petroleum derivatives and liquid hydrocarbons.

This material has a flexible structure that is solid at normal ambient temperature. This material melts at higher temperatures and can take the form of molds.

structure of polystyrene materials

Investigation of the structure of polystyrene materials

Chemically, the structure of polystyrene materials is in the form of a long-chain hydrocarbon attached to ring rings of phenyl or benzene in the central part of the carbon variable. The reported chemical formula for this substance is n(c8h8). This material consists of moles of chemical elements such as hydrogen and carbon.

The presence of this wonderful combination has made polystyrene one of the most popular options for the middle foam of sandwich panels. The characterizing properties of polystyrene materials are created by short-term adsorption on the van der Waals bond between the polymer chains. The molecules that makeup hydrocarbons have a long chain arrangement; So, they are made up of thousands of atoms.

The presence of tensile force between large molecules, when exposed to heat, causes the chains to become more compatible and to slide side by side. Intermolecular looseness between polystyrene materials against high intermolecular strength due to hydrocarbon stability makes this material highly elastic and flexible.

Extreme temperatures cause polystyrene and all polymers that are generally heat-curable to soften into various forms.

Expanded Polystyrene

What is Expanded Polystyrene or Ionolite?

Ionolite is a type of polystyrene that was introduced to the world in 1839 by Edward Simon. Ionolite production as a type of polystyrene has different stages and styles and depends on its density and type. The first material and production base of ionolite is polystyrene monomer.

When making ionolite, polystyrene material is poured into the frames. These materials, when expanded, become ionolite. It is interesting to note that some vegetables and fruits, as well as plants, have a low level of polystyrene. Regarding the structure of this material, it is composed of benzene and ethylene, which are made with the help of the polymerization process.

During the process of making ionolite in a completely natural way, a type of low-boiling hydrocarbon is added, which normally contains pentane. The presence of these materials in the structure of ionolite helps to expand this material in the next processing.

What is extruded polystyrene material?

It is similar to General Purpose polystyrene with a monomer base, of which 95 to 98% is air. In general, the production base of these materials revolves around crude oil. Resin grains are used in the production of this type of polystyrene. This material melts when exposed to hot temperatures.

This material has more resistance than General Purpose polystyrenes with the addition of durable rubber. This material becomes very flexible in the presence of heat and cools and hardens again as soon as it cools.

What is High Impact polystyrene material?

High Impact polystyrene is the result of a kind of polymer connection and bonding, which is composed of a combination of two materials, polystyrene and polybutadiene, which has a very strong and stable structure. This material is a kind of impact-resistant plastic, which makes this type of polystyrene highly elastic.

The materials contained in High Impact polystyrene make this material extremely powerful. These materials also reduce the fragility of polystyrene and make it resistant to pressure and heavy shocks. That is why this type of polystyrene is known as shockproof and High Impact and is considered one of the oldest thermoplastics in the world.

This material is produced by monomeric polymerization. Other notable features of this type of widely used polystyrene are its low weight, various colors, and the ability to drill easily. During the production of this type of polystyrene, 10% of butadiene is added to it, which greatly increases its stability and strength.

13 Jan

Uncategorized

Know the types of polystyrene sheets

December 21, 2021
By mr.gharaei
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What do you know about different types of polystyrene sheets? As you know, polystyrene sheets are made of monomers. Regarding the origin of polystyrene sheets, we must say that this product was discovered in 1839 by a person named “Edward Simon” and after the world war, it has been presented in a modern way.

The structure of these sheets is such that it is made of 95% air and 5% plastic, which has a high volume of air in it, which makes these sheets very light.

Application of polystyrene sheet

What is the structure of a polystyrene sheet?

Polystyrene sheet is commonly known as “crystal” in Iran and today is considered as a suitable solution for interior applications of buildings. These sheets have a very low density, excellent chemical resistance, and high hardness.

Polystyrene sheets are usually extremely transparent and can be used to cover frames and ceiling lamps and interior glass. Another application of these sheets is that they are used in humid spaces such as shower trays and shower cabins because they have low water absorption.

One of the outstanding features of polystyrene sheets is their very high recyclability. These types of sheets are produced in a wide range and colors for different purposes.

Impact polystyrene sheet:

This type of polystyrene sheet has unique impact resistance. In addition to high strength, these sheets have excellent heat resistance against high heat.

These sheets have a lot of capabilities such as color, printability. These sheets are covered on both sides. The presence of these coatings makes these sheets thermoforming.

Advantages of polystyrene sheet

These sheets, like any other material, have advantages that we will mention below:

These sheets act as an excellent insulator against water and moisture.
Extremely resistant to pressure and impact
High earthquake resistance
Fire resistant
Low weight
Ability to run very fast, which reduces costs.
Long life and high durability
These sheets are very resistant to high temperatures and severe shocks.
Ability to convert to different shapes and sizes

Advantages of polystyrene sheets

Disadvantages of polystyrene sheets

In addition to their advantages, these sheets also have disadvantages, which include:

Polystyrene sheets have a low resistance to organic solvents.
They are flammable if the sheets are painted with oil paint.
If you use chlorofluorocarbons, it can damage the ozone layer.

Comparison of EPS and XPS polystyrene sheets in construction

Expanded polystyrene sheets, known as EPS for short, and XPS polystyrene sheets are highly desirable as two industrial materials. These materials are used to produce a variety of roofing foam and roofing ionolite.

The composition of these sheets is very environmentally friendly, which is used not only for the production of ionolite but also for sensitive military and industrial affairs. These materials are very economical and their use reduces Costs.

Today, changes in the structure of XPS polystyrene sheets make them different from EPS sheets. XPS polystyrene sheets are commonly used as insulation for construction work. These products have a cavity-free texture made of a material called GPPS.

For this reason, these sheets have a high resistance to water absorption. EPS polystyrene sheets, on the other hand, have voids in their structure that allow water and moisture to penetrate easily.

In terms of temperature and heat resistance, EPS sheets have lower strength compared to XPS. The thermal coefficient of XPS sheets is also higher than that of expansion sheets. This feature means that the higher the thermal insulation coefficient, the more it can prevent energy loss. As a result, the energy consumption of buildings will be greatly saved and costs will be reduced.

Extruded sheets are used in cold storage due to their ability to withstand high pressure and weight. Other features of the XPS polystyrene sheet include high resistance to moisture and water absorption, which makes it suitable for use in areas with high humidity.

12 Jan

Uncategorized

History of polymers and applications of melt blowing

December 21, 2021
By mr.gharaei
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Melt blowing is a chemical that is used to make nanofibers. This substance is used in many medical and pharmaceutical applications. With this material, thin nanofibers can be prepared. Its use for medical and pharmaceutical purposes is the simplest application that can be imagined for this chemical. With this material, many polymeric materials can be produced.

History of melt blowing

Melt blowing is obtained from volcanic activity by cooling. With this material, polymers can be produced. With this material, the amount of drone radiation can be measured. It dates back to the 1950s. It was after this that the first material development company was established. China produces 40% of the world’s nonwoven fibers with this material.

applications of melt blowing

Melt blowing polymers

Polypillin

This polymer has many uses. It has a chemical structure and is very resistant to very high temperatures. The material is white and has excellent mechanical and chemical properties; That is why it is important to use polypropylene in the chemical industry.

Because it is resistant to creep, it is widely used in many plastics and chemical industries.

Polystyrene

This polymer is hard, transparent, and brittle. It is used in the production of various plastics. In the production of paint, this is one of the chemicals that is used a lot. It is used in the packaging and production of many chemicals.

Polyesters

This polymer, like other raw chemicals in the world, is produced in large quantities. This substance is naturally present in plants and insects and is used synthetically in polybutyrate. This material is used in the production of plastic clothing.

The natural combination of this material with its synthetic chemicals will make durable plastics. Plastic garments made from this material are resistant to tearing and wrinkles. It should be said that polyesters are not fire-resistant.

Polyurethane

This basic chemical is used in many industries. The material is flexible and strong and durable. It is used in the production of coatings, varnishes, and adhesives. The percentage of production of this substance worldwide is very high. This material is used in the production of resin.

Melt blowing polymers

Poly amid

This polymer is also present naturally and synthetically. This material is used in the production of wool and silk. It has very high durability and for this reason, it is used in the production of plastic clothes and kitchen utensils. The transportation industry is the most important consumer of this material.

PE

This polymer is used in all types of packaging. This material is widely used in the production of all kinds of plastics. There are many types of polyethylene. The density of this substance is very high. This material is used in the plastics industry. Polyethylene is used in electrical and chemical industries.

Polycarbonate

This chemical has a strong chemical structure and is very transparent. It is used in the electronics, building materials, computer, automotive, and aviation industries. Many safety parts and accessories can also be made with this material.

PolyCarbonate

Applications of melt blowing

Purification

Melt blowing is used in the water treatment industry. Since the outbreak of the Corona virus, it has become valuable and is also used for disinfection and purification.

Absorbers

This chemical can be used to retain water many times its weight. It is also used in oil collection.

Health goods

This substance is used in the production of health products and the target market of these products is wide and diverse.

Clothing

This material is used in the production of plastic clothing.

Pharmacy and medicine

It is one of the most important applications of this substance in the pharmaceutical industry. Many widely used drugs are designed and manufactured from nano chemicals.

You can go to the commercial section of Moheb Baspar Company to buy High Impact Polystyrene (HIPS). The company offers this chemical at a reasonable price for bulk purchase.

The price of phthalic anhydride (PA) offered in Moheb Baspar is more affordable than other commercial prices in the market. This substance is used in the chemical industry.

The price of Dioctyl Phthalate (DOP), which is mainly offered by Moheb Baspar Company, is very affordable.

The sale of General Purpose (GPPS) polystyrene in the commercial department of Moheb Baspar Company will help you to be able to buy this material in bulk and at a low price.

Conclusion

Melt blowing is one of the most widely used chemicals to make known polymers. This material is used to produce polypropylene, polystyrene, polyester, polyurethane, polyamide, polyethylene, polycarbonate. It has many applications that can be used in the refining industry, clothing industry, pharmacy, and medicine.

11 Jan

Uncategorized

Water absorption test of polystyrene plastic foams

December 21, 2021
By mr.gharaei
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Plastic foams used in construction are made of polystyrene foam. Water does not pass through these materials, however, it is proven experimentally.

Equipment needed to test water absorption

You need a scale with an accuracy of 2 decimal places. This scale must bear the weight of. To keep the sample underwater, a fixture measuring 15.2 by 15.2 cm is needed. This fixture needs to be such that it does not hold water inside and the weight of this product is about 2500 grams.

Immersion tank

The tank must be selected so that it can have a minimum hanging weight of 3 specimens horizontally. The water in the distilled water tank should be 1.5 cm above the samples. Its temperature will be 50 degrees Celsius.

Water absorption test in polystyrene plastic foams

Three tests must be performed to absorb water in polystyrene plastic foams. The dimensions of the specimen are 15.2 cm in length and width and 7.6 cm in thickness, and it can be used if the thickness of the specimen is less than 7.6 cm.

Testing water absorption

Water absorption test method of polystyrene plastic foams

Place the specimens in a heat box with a circulating fan at 50 ° C for 24 hours. Remove the specimens and place them in a desiccator to cool and record their weight. After a while, return them to the machine and keep them for 4 hours. Take them out again and put them in the desiccator and weigh them again. If they weigh less than 0.01 grams, your test is ready.

Put the fixture to which you attach the specimens in water and immerse it in water up to 1.5 cm. Eliminate bubbles. Measure the weight of the fixture in both immersion and non-immersion modes. Measure the weight of the specimens when dry, immersed, and after 96 hours.

With this test, the waterproof property of polystyrene plastic foams can be tested and the apparent density of plastic foams can be determined. With this method, the apparent density of polystyrene foam with glass transparency can also be determined. The adhesion and tensile strength of polystyrene foam materials are determined by this method.

The purpose of this adsorption test is to determine the water absorption of polystyrene used in plastic foams.

Studies have shown that polystyrene foam absorbs water after 96 hours of immersion. Some plastics absorb more water when immersed than others.

High Impact Polystyrene (HIPS)

High Impact polystyrene or HIPS is a chemical that is produced in foam or solid form. With these materials, many plastic materials such as bottles, disposable containers are produced. This material can also be used in print applications.

Sale of phthalic anhydride (PA)

With this material, many plastic softeners can be prepared. It has commercial use and you can buy this material from Moheb Baspar company.

Applications

Phthalic anhydride is a toxic, white substance used in the manufacture of paints, insecticides, resins, and phthalates. It is also used to produce all kinds of plastics. Phthalic acid can also be prepared with this substance. Moheb Baspar Company sells this material in bulk at a reasonable price.

Phthalic anhydride

Sales of Dioctyl Phthalate (DOP)

Dioctyl phthalate (DOP) is a well-known chemical used in various industries. To increase the strength of plastic materials, other plastic raw materials are combined with this material to finally prepare durable plastic materials. Moheb Baspar Company sells this material at a reasonable price and in bulk.

Buy General Purpose Polystyrene (GPPS)

General Purpose Polystyrene (GPPS) is resistant to many environmental factors such as heat, humidity, and cold. This substance is used in many cases. This material can be converted to plastic at 190 to 230 degrees Celsius. You can buy this material at a reasonable price and in bulk from Moheb Baspar Company.

Conclusion

The water absorption test of polystyrene plastic foams can determine the water absorption of plastic raw materials. In this test, it is necessary to keep the plastic materials underwater for different periods and measure their weight for the last time after 96 hours. The adhesion and tensile strength of plastic materials are determined by this test.

10 Jan

Uncategorized

What do you know about polystyrene solvent?

December 21, 2021
By mr.gharaei
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What is a polystyrene solvent? Polystyrene is considered a suitable material for use in various plastic products. The largest method of polystyrene processing is done through gasoline.

The process is to combine gasoline with ethylene to become alkylated, and then perform dehydrogenation operations using aluminum chloride, silica, solid phosphoric acid, and aluminum-styrene catalysts.

Toluene

Checking the polystyrene solvent

Since the most important solvents for polystyrene include tetrahydrofuran and diethyl ether, toluene is intended to investigate their performance. Polystyrenes are produced by combining gasoline, ethylene, and ethylbenzene. Styrofoams are obtained by hydrogenation from ethylbenzene.

Oxygen and light or oxidizing agent can act as a catalyst and release polymerized radicals using polymerization operations. In this way, these agents contribute to the oxidation of polystyrene.

Other types of polystyrene solvents include amine and ethyl acetate. Other options include aromatic hydrocarbons and chlorine, which are known as solvents along with toluene. It should be noted that each of these options is itself divided into smaller batches of solvents.

The structure of polystyrene is such that it does not react with ordinary alkalis and acids and is ineffective. Another active ingredient in polystyrene is oxygen with ozone, which reacts when exposed to light at high temperatures.

Suspension polymerization

Following the introduction of polystyrene solvent, we intend to deal with the suspension polymerization of polystyrene, which is dissolved in the monomer using a catalyst and allows it to be filled in water. A separate suspending agent is added separately to stabilize the resulting suspension.

Some factors cause the suspension to be made of polystyrene. The most common suspending agents include cellulose and pectins, polyacrylic acid, gelatin, polyvinyl alcohol.

Regarding suspenders, some factors are inorganic, including magnesium silicate and kaolin, aluminum hydroxide, zinc oxide, phosphates.

The use of a suspension polymerization process controls the size and size distribution of the polymer particles. This performance is usually considered an art.

Other factors affecting the size are polymers and their distribution relative to monomers to water and solvents. Other suspending agents are the type of initiators, heat, reaction, and consumption used as the suspending agent.

Mass polymerization of polystyrene

The process of bulk polymerization involves exposing the monomers without polystyrene solvent in the presence of primers, which often use benzoyl peroxide, in a container.

The result of this process is a mixture of monomers with primers in the form of a polymer solid. It then takes the form of a container in which the process takes place.

This method is usually used to produce casting or molding parts such as plastic igniters in small and large shapes. However, this operation causes problems such as defects or hot spots on the parts, which must be prevented by performing safety processes.

Mass polymerization of polystyrene

Physical properties of polystyrene

The weight reported for polystyrenes is between 1.09 – 1.04, which becomes soft in the presence of 90 ° C. Normally polystyrene is a hard polymer and at the same time brittle and transparent. It can transmit up to 90% of normal light.

This type of polymer has a very low ability to absorb moisture. Other features include good insulation performance against electricity.

If you want to identify polystyrene, you can detect it by ignition test. In this way, polystyrenes can start burning when in contact with the flame and continue to burn after removing the flame.

The flame from the burning of polystyrenes is yellow and the smoke is accompanied by carbon particles and is black. In simple terms, the smoke from the burning of these materials is thick.

Another visible feature for detecting polystyrene during the burn test is flame dripping. It also emits an odor that is similar to the smell of natural gas.

09 Jan

Uncategorized

What do you know about polystyrene production methods?

December 21, 2021
By mr.gharaei
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How is polystyrene production done? As you know, polystyrene is known as the sixth most widely used styrene in the world. This material is known as a type of synthetic aromatic polymer that is produced by a styrene monomer. The polystyrene production process, which is a type of thermoplastic material, is performed using processes such as extrusion in both solid and foam. In the end, this material can become the final product.

Typically, polystyrenes are used to process plastics. The major method of polystyrene production is ethyl gasoline. Ethyl is first alkylated with ethylene and then dehydrogenated, which is carried out using a catalyst for aluminum-silica, solid phosphoric acid-styrene to styrene.

Polystyrene production

How is polystyrene production done?

To produce polystyrene, benzene is first combined with ethylene to obtain ethylbenzene. The important point here is the formation of styrene from the dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene.

Oxygen is required to produce styrene. It is also necessary to have access to factors such as light or oxidation as a catalyst. By performing this operation based on the polymerization process, free radicals are polymerized and thus polystyrene is made.

Regarding the structure of polystyrenes, we must say that this material belongs to the vinyl family, which has a long chain of hydrocarbons that are connected to a group of phenyls one by one to each carbon atom.

Polystyrene production through suspension polymerization

In this polystyrene production method, a catalyst is monomerized and then dispersed in water. A separate suspending agent is added to the suspension to stabilize the process.

Commonly used agents in suspension or suspension include a variety of pectins with cellulose, as well as gelatin, polyacrylic acid, and polyvinyl alcohol.

In some cases, inorganic agents are used for suspension. These materials include magnesium silicate with a variety of phosphates as well as kaolin and other materials such as zinc oxide and aluminum hydroxide.

Suspension polymerization is usually considered as art until the science of this process leads to controlling the size and distribution of the polymer. The shear distribution in the reactor is directly related to the design of the reactor and the agitator, this can have a huge impact on the particle sizes of the polystyrene in this method.

Another factor influencing the size and distribution of polymers is the suitability of the monomer with solvent or water, as well as the reaction to heat and the type of primers and their consumption and suspending agents.

The polymer is produced by larger polystyrene particles in the form of a single split, which is performed by a special fan. This includes the suspension polymerization of the grain. Another case recorded for the suspension polymerization of styrene is the use of ultrasound.

Production of polystyrene with suspension polymerization

Polystyrene production by massification process

The mass polymerization is done by heating the solvent-free monomer with primers, often benzoyl peroxide, in a container.

This method has the disadvantage of separating the polymer from the reactor or balloon and extracting and dissipating the heat generated by the polymer.

Forming process in the production of polystyrene

This process on polystyrenes is often done by injection. But due to the high processability of this material, it responds in other ways. Several types of polystyrene are highly resistant to a wide range of chemicals, including weak acids, salts, alcohols, and bases.

These polystyrenes are made according to the FDA standard used in the food industry. The production process of this type of polystyrene is in two stages. First, it is placed at a temperature of 80 degrees Celsius and then placed at a temperature of 100 to 180 degrees Celsius.

Currently, about 12% of the soft plastics market belongs to polystyrene. These materials can be softened at 90 ° C and require a temperature of 180 to 250 ° C for melting and molding.

08 Jan

Uncategorized

Polystyrene application in building architecture

December 21, 2021
By mr.gharaei
0 comments

Polystyrene is one of the building materials that make the building integrated. It has been used in construction since polystyrene was recognized in the 1950s. Today, these building materials are used for energy efficiency and indoor quality.

Polystyrene application has increased a lot in recent years. Polystyrene is used in construction and the use of this added material is increasing day by day. It is a hard material that is impact resistant and because it is light it can be transported to the upper floors of the building and then installed. This material prevents energy loss and water evaporation.

This material is durable and its maintenance cost is cheap. Polystyrene is a plastic that is composed of spherical particles and 98% of air, and this new plastic material is a good insulator and is resistant to physical shocks.

Polystyrene is a plastic material obtained by polymerization. The quality of this material depends on the distribution of grains.

Polystyrene application in building architecture

Expansion stages of expanded polystyrene

Pre-expansion
Medium evolution and consolidation
Final expansion and molding

Polystyrene application in building architectures

It is produced by combining lightweight concrete and lightweight aggregates such as air-absorbing agents, clay, pumice, vermiculite, and resistant concrete. More than one aggregate is often used in concrete. By combining polystyrene in cement compounds, lightweight concrete and thermal insulation can be produced.

Waste materials such as paper ash can be used with polystyrene, which is used in dyeing, masonry, and plastering. By adjusting the amount of water in the cement and the composition of polystyrene, the strength of this building material can be adjusted.

Since polystyrene is impermeable, it is used for the floor of the building and any part where there is a possibility of water leakage. In 1973, Kirk was introduced; Building materials can solve the problem of construction aggregates such as fly ash, pumice, oily palm bark, and rubber waste, all of which are porous.

Polystyrene application can also include: use in veneer panels, composite flooring, and concrete blocks. Polystyrene is used as insulation and a protective layer and absorbs energy.

Polystyrene is used as a lightweight aggregate. Styrene is mixed with cement epoxies and used in concrete and cement. Wind ash and silica vapor act as adhesives. Unlike other building materials, polystyrene has better resistance to corrosion and chemicals.

Polystyrene application in military structures

With this chemical in combination with other construction materials and cement, military equipment can be buried underground and the possibility of their detection is minimized. It should be noted that the styrene material, despite being light and insulating, has low strength. Because these building materials are obtained with molten materials. By adding materials, the strength and durability of this building material can be increased.

In addition, it can be dried quickly with steel fibers. The porosity of this material causes the permeability of this material; However, reinforcement contributes to the strength of the material.

Styrene is the best alternative to wall hangings; This way you can save a lot of construction costs.

Polystyrene can be recycled and reused. These wastes can be dissolved with resin and all kinds of commercial and industrial building materials can be designed and prepared. It can also be used as a radioactive waste repellent.

Use of polystyrene in military structures

Buy High Impact Polystyrene (HIPS)

Moheb Baspar Company is a manufacturer of High Impact Polystyrene (HIPS). This material is used to produce many plastic materials and you can buy this material at a reasonable price from this company in bulk and individually.